{"id":1,"date":"2026-09-11T15:20:30","date_gmt":"2026-09-11T15:20:30","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/ondrejzaruba.info\/?p=1"},"modified":"2026-09-13T21:54:53","modified_gmt":"2026-09-13T21:54:53","slug":"hello-world","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/ondrejzaruba.info\/?p=1","title":{"rendered":"Vyd\u00edr\u00e1n\u00ed, nebo byznys model? Co znamen\u00e1 \u201eracketeering\u201c a pro\u010d se ta ot\u00e1zka objevuje u Finsideru"},"content":{"rendered":"<h2>Pojem \u201eracketeering\u201c poch\u00e1z\u00ed z americk\u00e9ho pr\u00e1va (z\u00e1kon RICO z roku 1970) a ozna\u010duje opakovan\u00fd, systematick\u00fd vzorec jedn\u00e1n\u00ed, kter\u00fdm organizace vynucuje platby nebo v\u00fdhody pod hrozbou \u00fajmy \u2013 typicky tzv. protection racket, \u201ev\u00fdpaln\u00e9\u201c: subjekt nab\u00eddne ochranu p\u0159ed po\u0161kozen\u00edm, kter\u00e9 s\u00e1m m\u016f\u017ee zp\u016fsobit, a inkasuje za to pen\u00edze. \u010cesk\u00fd trestn\u00ed z\u00e1kon\u00edk m\u00e1 bl\u00edzk\u00fd, ale u\u017e\u0161\u00ed ekvivalent v \u00a7 175 \u2013 vyd\u00edr\u00e1n\u00ed, tedy nucen\u00ed jin\u00e9ho n\u00e1sil\u00edm, pohr\u016f\u017ekou n\u00e1sil\u00ed nebo pohr\u016f\u017ekou jin\u00e9 t\u011b\u017ek\u00e9 \u00fajmy k tomu, aby n\u011bco konal, opomenul nebo trp\u011bl. Kl\u00ed\u010dov\u00fd znak obou koncept\u016f je stejn\u00fd: <strong>p\u0159\u00edjem plyne z schopnosti zp\u016fsobit \u0161kodu, ne z hodnoty poskytnut\u00e9 slu\u017eby.<\/strong><\/h2>\n<h2 style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Tento text zkoum\u00e1, zda byznys model, kter\u00fdm Ond\u0159ej Z\u00e1ruba provozuje <a href=\"http:\/\/finsider.cz\/\">Finsider.cz<\/a>, nese struktur\u00e1ln\u00ed znaky podobn\u00e9 tomuto vzorci \u2013 a rovnou na za\u010d\u00e1tku \u0159\u00edk\u00e1, co v dostupn\u00fdch zdroj\u00edch <strong>chyb\u00ed<\/strong>: \u017e\u00e1dn\u00fd doklad o p\u0159\u00edm\u00e9 v\u00fdhr\u016f\u017ece, \u017e\u00e1dn\u00e9 trestn\u00ed ozn\u00e1men\u00ed, \u017e\u00e1dn\u00e9 rozhodnut\u00ed soudu ani org\u00e1nu \u010dinn\u00e9ho v trestn\u00edm \u0159\u00edzen\u00ed, kter\u00e9 by kvalifikovalo jeho jedn\u00e1n\u00ed jako vyd\u00edr\u00e1n\u00ed nebo racketeering ve smyslu z\u00e1kona. <strong>N\u00e1sleduj\u00edc\u00ed \u0159\u00e1dky jsou anal\u00fdzou obchodn\u00ed struktury<\/strong>, nikoli pr\u00e1vn\u00edm nebo faktick\u00fdm tvrzen\u00edm o sp\u00e1ch\u00e1n\u00ed trestn\u00e9ho \u010dinu.<\/h2>\n<p style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><strong>Kdo si s\u00e1m odm\u00edtl roli novin\u00e1\u0159e<\/strong><\/p>\n<p style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Z\u00e1ruba svou roli definuje takto: \u201eNejsem standardn\u00ed novin\u00e1\u0159\u2026 jsem analytik, podnikatel, obchodn\u00edk s informacemi\u2026 Odm\u00edt\u00e1m, aby se na m\u011b vztahoval novin\u00e1\u0159sk\u00fd kodex nebo p\u0159edstava, jak se m\u00e1 chovat spr\u00e1vn\u00fd novin\u00e1\u0159\u201c (<a href=\"https:\/\/finsider.cz\/investovani\/vzkaz-novym-ctenarum\/\">Finsider \u2013 Vzkaz nov\u00fdm \u010dten\u00e1\u0159\u016fm<\/a>). Z\u00e1rove\u0148 ale vystupuje pod titulem \u0161\u00e9fredaktor a Finsider prezentuje \u201einvestigativn\u00ed t\u00fdm\u201c (<a href=\"https:\/\/finsider.cz\/author\/ondrejzarubajankohout\/\">Finsider \u2013 auto\u0159i<\/a>). Otev\u0159en\u011b tedy odm\u00edt\u00e1 etick\u00e9 z\u00e1vazky \u017eurnalistiky, ale ponech\u00e1v\u00e1 si autoritu a d\u016fv\u011bryhodnost, kterou \u017eurnalistick\u00fd r\u00e1mec u \u010dten\u00e1\u0159\u016f vytv\u00e1\u0159\u00ed \u2013 to je z\u00e1klad, na kter\u00e9m teprve stoj\u00ed zbytek modelu.<\/p>\n<p style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><strong>T\u0159i struktur\u00e1ln\u00ed prvky, kter\u00e9 stoj\u00ed za pozornost<\/strong><\/p>\n<p style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><strong>Za prv\u00e9: kritika je zam\u010den\u00e1 za paywallem a odemyk\u00e1 se strategicky.<\/strong> 268 z Z\u00e1rubov\u00fdch \u010dl\u00e1nk\u016f je dostupn\u00fdch jen p\u0159edplatitel\u016fm za 3 900 K\u010d m\u011bs\u00ed\u010dn\u011b nebo 14 900 K\u010d ro\u010dn\u011b (<a href=\"https:\/\/finsider.cz\/registrace\/\">Finsider \u2013 Registrace<\/a>). Tyto texty ale nez\u016fst\u00e1vaj\u00ed zam\u010den\u00e9 trvale \u2013 odemykaj\u00ed se p\u0159esn\u011b ve chv\u00edli konfliktu, jako forma odvety. Kdy\u017e ho advok\u00e1t DRFG Radek Pokorn\u00fd na Twitteru ozna\u010dil za \u201ep\u011b\u0161\u00e1ka\u201c, Z\u00e1ruba reagoval ve\u0159ejn\u011b: \u201eProto taky byly \u010dl\u00e1nky o DRFG zam\u010den\u00e9. Odemknul jsem je jenom proto, \u017ee na m\u011b takhle sprost\u011b pan advok\u00e1t Pokorn\u00fd za\u00fato\u010dil\u201c (<a href=\"https:\/\/finsider.cz\/investovani\/vzkaz-novym-ctenarum\/\">Finsider \u2013 Vzkaz nov\u00fdm \u010dten\u00e1\u0159\u016fm<\/a>; <a href=\"https:\/\/finsider.cz\/investovani\/otevirame-texty-drfg\/\">Finsider \u2013 Otev\u00edr\u00e1me texty o DRFG<\/a>). Stejn\u00fd mechanismus pou\u017eil u RSBC: \u201eOtev\u00edr\u00e1me na\u0161e texty o RSBC\u201c (<a href=\"https:\/\/finsider.cz\/best-of-finsider\/otevirame-nase-texty-o-rsbc\/\">Finsider.cz<\/a>). Informace o firm\u011b se tedy nest\u00e1v\u00e1 ve\u0159ejnou proto, \u017ee je to ve ve\u0159ejn\u00e9m z\u00e1jmu, ale proto, \u017ee firma ud\u011blala n\u011bco, co Z\u00e1rubu osobn\u011b urazilo \u2013 kritika samotn\u00e1 je n\u00e1strojem odvety, ne jen jej\u00edm obsahem.<\/p>\n<p style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><strong>Za druh\u00e9: stejn\u00fd trh, kter\u00fd kritizuje, mu z\u00e1rove\u0148 plat\u00ed za reklamu.<\/strong> Cen\u00edk Finsideru nab\u00edz\u00ed bannerovou inzerci za 35\u201340 tis\u00edc K\u010d t\u00fddn\u011b, PR \u010dl\u00e1nek za 30 000 K\u010d a PR rozhovor za 50 000 K\u010d (<a href=\"https:\/\/finsider.cz\/inzerce\/\">Finsider \u2013 Inzerce<\/a>) \u2013 tedy placenou propagaci prod\u00e1vanou p\u0159\u00edmo firm\u00e1m z investi\u010dn\u00edho a finan\u010dn\u00edho trhu, kter\u00fd je z\u00e1rove\u0148 ter\u010dem jeho kritick\u00fdch text\u016f. Kombinace \u201eplat\u00ed\u0161 za kritiku, kterou na tebe m\u016f\u017eu napsat&#8220; a \u201eplat\u00ed\u0161 za to, abych o tob\u011b napsal pozitivn\u011b&#8220; v jedn\u00e9 firm\u011b vytv\u00e1\u0159\u00ed komer\u010dn\u00ed z\u00e1vislost mezi kritizovan\u00fdm a kritikem, kterou \u017e\u00e1dn\u00fd nez\u00e1visl\u00fd \u017eurnalistick\u00fd standard nepovoluje.<\/p>\n<p style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><strong>Za t\u0159et\u00ed: prod\u00e1v\u00e1 p\u0159\u00edm\u00fd komer\u010dn\u00ed n\u00e1stroj tlaku na trh \u2013 jmenn\u00fd \u201eblacklist\u201c.<\/strong> Finsider vyd\u00e1v\u00e1 seznamy firem, kter\u00e9 podle Z\u00e1ruby \u201enemaj\u00ed co d\u011blat v portfoli\u00edch proklientsky uva\u017euj\u00edc\u00edch finan\u010dn\u00edch zprost\u0159edkovatel\u016f a na platform\u00e1ch investi\u010dn\u00edch spole\u010dnost\u00ed a obchodn\u00edk\u016f s cenn\u00fdmi pap\u00edry\u201c, s v\u00fdzvou p\u0159edplatitel\u016fm-distributor\u016fm, aby si to uv\u011bdomili (<a href=\"https:\/\/finsider.cz\/investovani\/investicni_skupiny_ktere_nepatri_do_portfolia_financiku_vol1\/\">Finsider \u2013 Investi\u010dn\u00ed skupiny, kter\u00e9 nepat\u0159\u00ed do portfolia\u2026<\/a>). Jin\u00fdmi slovy: za 14 900\u201319 900 K\u010d ro\u010dn\u011b prod\u00e1v\u00e1 distribu\u010dn\u00ed s\u00edti poradc\u016f p\u0159\u00edm\u00e9 doporu\u010den\u00ed, \u010d\u00ed produkty neprod\u00e1vat \u2013 tedy <strong>n\u00e1stroj, kter\u00fd m\u016f\u017ee bezprost\u0159edn\u011b ovlivnit obchodn\u00ed v\u00fdsledky konkuren\u010dn\u00edch firem na trhu<\/strong>, prod\u00e1van\u00fd jako sou\u010d\u00e1st p\u0159edplatn\u00e9ho.<\/p>\n<p style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><strong>Pro\u010d to p\u0159ipom\u00edn\u00e1 ochran\u00e1\u0159sk\u00fd vzorec, i kdy\u017e j\u00edm pr\u00e1vn\u011b nen\u00ed<\/strong><\/p>\n<p style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Klasick\u00fd protection racket m\u00e1 t\u0159i kroky: <strong>schopnost zp\u016fsobit \u0161kodu, nab\u00eddku, jak se \u0161kod\u011b vyhnout (za pen\u00edze), a odvetu, kdy\u017e nab\u00eddku n\u011bkdo odm\u00edtne.<\/strong> U Finsideru lze naj\u00edt struktur\u00e1ln\u00ed analogii ke v\u0161em t\u0159em prvk\u016fm \u2013 schopnost po\u0161kodit reputaci a obchodn\u00ed v\u00fdsledky firmy zve\u0159ejn\u011bn\u00edm kritick\u00e9 anal\u00fdzy nebo za\u0159azen\u00edm na blacklist, komer\u010dn\u00ed nab\u00eddku (inzerce, PR \u010dl\u00e1nek, PR rozhovor) firm\u00e1m ze stejn\u00e9ho trhu, a dolo\u017een\u00fd vzorec odvety (odem\u010den\u00ed zam\u010den\u00e9 kritiky po ve\u0159ejn\u00e9m konfliktu). Chyb\u00ed ale rozhoduj\u00edc\u00ed, pr\u00e1vn\u011b nutn\u00e1 sou\u010d\u00e1st: <strong>\u017e\u00e1dn\u00fd ve\u0159ejn\u011b dostupn\u00fd zdroj nedokl\u00e1d\u00e1, \u017ee by Z\u00e1ruba nebo Finsider explicitn\u011b spojili nab\u00eddku placen\u00e9 inzerce s p\u0159\u00edslibem m\u00edrn\u011bj\u0161\u00ed kritiky, nebo \u017ee by od kritizovan\u00e9 firmy p\u0159\u00edmo po\u017eadovali platbu za sta\u017een\u00ed \u010di nezve\u0159ejn\u011bn\u00ed textu.<\/strong> Bez tohoto spojen\u00ed jde o leg\u00e1ln\u00ed, by\u0165 eticky sporn\u00fd obchodn\u00ed model kombinuj\u00edc\u00ed \u017eurnalistiku a reklamu \u2013 ne o trestn\u00fd \u010din.<\/p>\n<p style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><strong>Co by strukturu posunulo od analogie k faktu<\/strong><\/p>\n<p style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Aby \u0161lo o vyd\u00edr\u00e1n\u00ed nebo racketeering ve skute\u010dn\u00e9m smyslu, musel by existovat doklad, \u017ee Finsider nebo Z\u00e1ruba explicitn\u011b podm\u00ednili (by\u0165 neform\u00e1ln\u011b) obsah nebo t\u00f3n zve\u0159ejn\u011bn\u00e9ho textu n\u00e1kupem inzerce \u010di PR bal\u00ed\u010dku, p\u0159\u00edpadn\u011b \u017ee po kritizovan\u00e9 firm\u011b po\u017eadovali platbu v\u00fdm\u011bnou za ml\u010den\u00ed. Takov\u00fd doklad se v dostupn\u00fdch zdroj\u00edch zat\u00edm nena\u0161el \u2013 ani u DRFG, ani u RSBC, ani u CODYA, ani u \u017e\u00e1dn\u00e9ho jin\u00e9ho z des\u00edtek subjekt\u016f, kter\u00e9 Finsider kritizoval. Nen\u00ed ale vylou\u010deno, \u017ee takov\u00fd doklad existuje, jen nen\u00ed ve\u0159ejn\u00fd.<\/p>\n<p style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><strong>Shrnut\u00ed<\/strong><\/p>\n<p style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Byznys model Finsideru kombinuje placenou kritiku (paywall, strategicky odemykan\u00fd jako odveta), placenou reklamu prod\u00e1vanou stejn\u00fdm subjekt\u016fm, kter\u00e9 m\u016f\u017ee kritizovat, a placen\u00fd \u201eblacklist\u201c s p\u0159\u00edm\u00fdm komer\u010dn\u00edm dopadem na konkurenci na trhu. Tato struktura sd\u00edl\u00ed form\u00e1ln\u00ed rysy s protection racketem \u2013 schopnost po\u0161kodit, komer\u010dn\u00ed nab\u00eddku a odvetu \u2013 ale chyb\u00ed j\u00ed zdokumentovan\u00fd d\u016fkaz o explicitn\u00edm spojen\u00ed platby s m\u00edrn\u011bj\u0161\u00ed kritikou nebo o po\u017eadavku na zaplacen\u00ed za ml\u010den\u00ed, kter\u00fd by ji pr\u00e1vn\u011b kvalifikoval jako vyd\u00edr\u00e1n\u00ed \u010di racketeering. Ot\u00e1zka, kterou si \u010dten\u00e1\u0159 m\u00e1 pr\u00e1vo polo\u017eit, tedy nezn\u00ed \u201esp\u00e1chal trestn\u00fd \u010din\u201c, ale \u201eje p\u0159\u00edpustn\u00e9, aby jedna firma prod\u00e1vala kritiku i ochranu p\u0159ed kritikou na stejn\u00e9m trhu sou\u010dasn\u011b\u201c.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Pojem \u201eracketeering\u201c poch\u00e1z\u00ed z americk\u00e9ho pr\u00e1va (z\u00e1kon RICO z roku 1970) a ozna\u010duje opakovan\u00fd, systematick\u00fd vzorec jedn\u00e1n\u00ed, kter\u00fdm organizace vynucuje platby nebo v\u00fdhody pod hrozbou \u00fajmy \u2013 typicky tzv. protection racket, \u201ev\u00fdpaln\u00e9\u201c: subjekt nab\u00eddne ochranu p\u0159ed po\u0161kozen\u00edm, kter\u00e9 s\u00e1m m\u016f\u017ee zp\u016fsobit, a inkasuje za to pen\u00edze. \u010cesk\u00fd trestn\u00ed z\u00e1kon\u00edk m\u00e1 bl\u00edzk\u00fd, ale u\u017e\u0161\u00ed ekvivalent v [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":15,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[1],"tags":[12,3,16],"class_list":["post-1","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-oz","tag-finsider","tag-ondrej-zaruba","tag-racketeering"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/ondrejzaruba.info\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/ondrejzaruba.info\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/ondrejzaruba.info\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/ondrejzaruba.info\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/ondrejzaruba.info\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=1"}],"version-history":[{"count":3,"href":"https:\/\/ondrejzaruba.info\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":27,"href":"https:\/\/ondrejzaruba.info\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1\/revisions\/27"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/ondrejzaruba.info\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/media\/15"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/ondrejzaruba.info\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=1"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/ondrejzaruba.info\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=1"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/ondrejzaruba.info\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=1"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}